Fundamentals of Landing (Geometry of Landing)
Pilot: Hanscom Tower, Cessna 3475Y Entering left base runway 29 full stop
Pilot: Hanscom Tower, Cessna 3475Y Turning left base runway 29
Pilot: Hanscom Tower, Cessna 3475Y Turning final runway 29
Pilot: Hanscom Tower, Cessna 3475Y Turning left base runway 29
Pilot: Hanscom Tower, Cessna 3475Y Turning final runway 29
Types of Landing:
1. Normal
2. SoftField
3. ShortField
Sideslip - Cross Control maneuvers Left Aileron Right Rudder
Forward Slip - Cross Control maneuvers Right Aileron Left -Rudder - Increase rate of descent, not increase airspeed, Rudder all the way to floor
2. SoftField
3. ShortField
Sideslip - Cross Control maneuvers Left Aileron Right Rudder
Forward Slip - Cross Control maneuvers Right Aileron Left -Rudder - Increase rate of descent, not increase airspeed, Rudder all the way to floor
Crosswind - Crabbing
No Flap Landing
Power Setting
Control Airspeed -
Positioning
Flaps
Winding
No Flap Landing
Power Setting
Control Airspeed -
Positioning
Flaps
Winding
Questions to ask yourself:
Glide to Runway 17,500
Position runway 1/2 on the stride
Airspeed - Too fast, too slow, too high, too low
Glide to Runway 17,500
Position runway 1/2 on the stride
Airspeed - Too fast, too slow, too high, too low
Level off 1200AGL TPA Traffic Pattern Altitude Trim
GUMP Check - GAS Both, Undercarriage, Mixture Rich, Power 1500 RPM
Turn Left Crosswind for Runway 29
Climbing Turn at 800' AGL, TRIM
Turn Left Crosswind for Runway 29
Climbing Turn at 800' AGL, TRIM
DOWNWIND
- Abeam runway #29
- Reduce power 1600 RPM
- Wind Correction Angle (where is the Wind)
- 10 degrees Flaps
- 90 knots on Downwind
- Abeam runway #29
- Reduce power 1600 RPM
- Wind Correction Angle (where is the Wind)
- 10 degrees Flaps
- 90 knots on Downwind
- Decent at 500' FPM
- 45 deg turn of runway turn base
- 45 deg turn of runway turn base
BASE Turning Left /Right base (45 degree of Runway #)
- 20 degrees Flaps
- Wind Correction Angle (where is the Wind)
- Pitch for 80 Knots airspeed
- Wind Correction Angle (where is the Wind)
- Pitch for 80 Knots airspeed
- Continue 500' min
FINAL Turing Final (Abean edge of Runway width turm)
- Wind Correction Angle (where is the Wind)
- 30 deg flaps
- Pitch for 65Knots
- Wind Correction Angle (where is the Wind)
- 30 deg flaps
- Pitch for 65Knots
- Look for VASI ( Too High, Too Low) Glideslope
- Aiming point on runway
- Aiming point on runway
- Power to Idle over Runway #
- When runway point (100') under cowling disappear
- transiting to the end of runway
- Round out parallel to the runway 1/2 wing span (ground effect)
- Flare whole the nose off the ground
- Limburg reference - Side of dashboard, looking at how the runway on the edge cuts the dashboard for centerline.
- Align with Runway (longitudinal Axis) and over the center line to avoid side loading
- Protect Nose from touching down last
- When runway point (100') under cowling disappear
- transiting to the end of runway
- Round out parallel to the runway 1/2 wing span (ground effect)
- Flare whole the nose off the ground
- Limburg reference - Side of dashboard, looking at how the runway on the edge cuts the dashboard for centerline.
- Align with Runway (longitudinal Axis) and over the center line to avoid side loading
- Protect Nose from touching down last
Forward Slip (drag Maneuver)
- Increase rate of descent, not increase airspeed,
- Lower left wing -(Aileron physically up) for the slip
- Left Aileron, Right -Rudder
- Flight Path is straight
- Rudder all the way to floor
- Aileron just keep flight in straight path
- Increase rate of descent, not increase airspeed,
- Lower left wing -(Aileron physically up) for the slip
- Left Aileron, Right -Rudder
- Flight Path is straight
- Rudder all the way to floor
- Aileron just keep flight in straight path
- Cross Control maneuvers
Sideslip (crosswind)
- move sideways over the ground while keeping the nose straight
- use enough rudder to prevent the nose from turning
- Point alerion the way you want the airplane to go
- Use opposite rudder to prevent the nose to following
- Precision alignment over the runway
- Cross Control maneuvers Left Aileron Right Rudder
- move sideways over the ground while keeping the nose straight
- use enough rudder to prevent the nose from turning
- Point alerion the way you want the airplane to go
- Use opposite rudder to prevent the nose to following
- Precision alignment over the runway
- Cross Control maneuvers Left Aileron Right Rudder
Touch and Goes
Touch and Go - Pattern work
Lose Airspeed and Altitude
GUMP -
Gas - Both
Undercarrage
Mixture Rich
Power 1500rmp
Lose Airspeed and Altitude
- Turing Left Crosswind for Runway 29
- Climbing turning at 800 AGL
- Trim
- Turing Left Downwind - Level off 1200AGL TPA Traffic Pattern Altitude Trim GUMP Check Abeam #29
- 10 deg Flaps
- Reduce Speed 1600 RPM
- Pitch for 90Knots
- Decent at 500' FPM
- Turing Left/Right Base (45 degree of Runway #)
- 20 Deg Flaps
- Pitch for 80Knots
- Continue 500
- Turing Final (Abean edge of Runway width turm)
- 15 deg Flaps
- Pitch for 70Knots
- Look at VASI (Too High Too Low) Glideslope
- Power to idle over runway #
GUMP -
Gas - Both
Undercarrage
Mixture Rich
Power 1500rmp
When I was learning to fly and was doing "touch & go" or pattern work, my instructor told me to verbalized every control input eg flap up look at both wings to validate - Soft field take off clear 50' obstruction, and execute a shot field landing using a forward slip, then do a short field take off with a soft field landing clearing a 50' obstacle.
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